Surgeons are medical doctors who specialize in evaluating people who have potential surgical problems and performing surgical operations and techniques.

Common surgeries include hernia repairs, gallbladder removal, and removal of the appendix. There are many sub-specialties in surgery, including chest (thoracic) surgery, blood vessel (vascular) surgery, and plastic surgery. Surgeons may further specialize by limiting their practice to specific age groups, such as pediatric surgeons, who only treat children.

Surgeons are certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.